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Biology 20 flashcards ~10 min

Cell Biology Basics

Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms, making cell biology one of the most important topics in biology. Understanding how cells are organized, how they function, and how they interact provides the foundation for learning genetics, p...

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Cells are the fundamental building blocks of all living organisms, making cell biology one of the most important topics in biology. Understanding how cells are organized, how they function, and how they interact provides the foundation for learning genetics, physiology, microbiology, and many other biological sciences. This flashcard deck introduces the essential concepts of cell biology through concise questions and answers that make studying faster and more effective.

The deck covers the principles of cell theory, the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and the structure and function of major cell organelles, including the nucleus, mitochondria, ribosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, chloroplasts, and vacuoles. It also explores the plasma membrane, the fluid mosaic model, diffusion, osmosis, passive transport, and active transport, helping you understand how substances move into and out of cells.

Whether you are preparing for a biology exam, reviewing classroom material, or strengthening your understanding of life science, these flashcards provide an effective way to reinforce key concepts and improve long-term memory. Each question focuses on a single idea, making it easier to learn, practice, and recall important information.

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Cell theory states that all living organisms are composed of one or more cells, the cell is the basic unit of life, and all cells arise from pre-existing cells.
Prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
Prokaryotic cells.
The nucleus.
It selectively regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.
A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins.
The mitochondrion.
Ribosomes synthesize proteins.
It synthesizes and modifies proteins destined for membranes or secretion.
It synthesizes lipids, detoxifies harmful substances, and stores calcium ions.
The Golgi apparatus.
Lysosomes digest and recycle cellular materials using hydrolytic enzymes.
The chloroplast.
They store water, nutrients, wastes, and help maintain turgor pressure.
A network of protein fibers that provides cell shape, support, movement, and intracellular transport.
Movement of substances across the membrane without energy, down their concentration gradient.
The movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
Movement of substances against their concentration gradient using cellular energy (ATP).
A model describing the plasma membrane as a flexible phospholipid bilayer with proteins embedded and moving within it.