1
What is a simple machine?
A basic mechanical device that changes the direction or magnitude of a force
2
Name the six classical types of simple machines.
Lever, wheel and axle, pulley, inclined plane, wedge, and screw
3
What is a lever?
A rigid bar that pivots around a fixed point to lift or move loads
4
What is the fulcrum of a lever?
The fixed point around which a lever pivots
5
What is a first-class lever?
A lever with the fulcrum located between the load and the applied force
6
What is a second-class lever?
A lever with the load between the fulcrum and the applied force
7
What is a third-class lever?
A lever with the applied force between the fulcrum and the load
8
What is mechanical advantage?
The ratio of output force to input force in a machine
9
How do you calculate mechanical advantage for a lever?
Divide the distance from the fulcrum to the input force by the distance from the fulcrum to the load
10
What is a pulley?
A wheel with a grooved rim used to change the direction of a force via a rope or cable
11
What is a fixed pulley?
A pulley attached to a stationary point that changes force direction but not magnitude
12
What is a movable pulley?
A pulley that moves with the load, providing mechanical advantage
13
What is a block and tackle?
A system of multiple pulleys used to multiply lifting force
14
What is an inclined plane?
A flat surface set at an angle, used to raise objects with less force over a longer distance
15
How does an inclined plane provide mechanical advantage?
It trades distance for reduced force needed to move an object vertically
16
What is a wedge?
A simple machine formed by two inclined planes joined together, used to split or cut objects
17
What is a screw?
An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder, used to fasten materials or lift objects
18
What is a wheel and axle?
A simple machine consisting of a wheel attached to a central rod that rotates together
19
What is an example of a wheel and axle in daily life?
A doorknob or a steering wheel
20
What is a compound machine?
A machine made of two or more simple machines working together
21
What is an example of a compound machine?
A bicycle, which combines wheels, axles, and levers
22
What is work in physics terms, relevant to simple machines?
Force applied over a distance
23
What is the trade-off in most simple machines?
Reduced force requires increased distance, and vice versa
24
What is efficiency in the context of simple machines?
The ratio of useful output work to total input work, accounting for energy losses like friction
25
Why is no real machine 100% efficient?
Friction and other forces cause some energy loss as heat
26
What is the ideal mechanical advantage (IMA)?
The mechanical advantage assuming no friction or energy loss
27
What is the actual mechanical advantage (AMA)?
The real mechanical advantage measured, accounting for friction losses
28
How does a longer lever arm affect mechanical advantage?
It increases the mechanical advantage, requiring less input force
29
What everyday tool is an example of a lever?
A seesaw, a crowbar, or scissors
30
What is the primary purpose of using simple machines?
To make work easier by changing the force needed or its direction
