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Physics 30 flashcards ~15 min

Elasticity, Stress and Material Properties

Understanding how materials respond to force is essential in physics and engineering. This deck covers Hooke's Law, stress and strain, and Young's modulus as a measure of stiffness. You'll also review key material properties like elasticity, plasticity, ductil...

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About this deck

Understanding how materials respond to force is essential in physics and engineering. This deck covers Hooke's Law, stress and strain, and Young's modulus as a measure of stiffness. You'll also review key material properties like elasticity, plasticity, ductility, malleability, and toughness, along with practical concepts like stress-strain curves, yield points, and fatigue. Ideal for physics and engineering students studying mechanical properties of materials.

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The ability of a material to return to its original shape after deformation
The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the applied force, within its elastic limit
F = kx
The spring constant
Force applied per unit area
σ = F/A
The deformation of a material relative to its original length
ε = ΔL/L
A measure of a material's stiffness, equal to stress divided by strain
The maximum stress a material can withstand and still return to its original shape
It undergoes permanent (plastic) deformation
Permanent deformation that remains after the applied stress is removed
Stress that stretches a material
Stress that compresses or squeezes a material
Stress caused by forces acting parallel to a surface
Illustrating a material's mechanical behavior under increasing load
The point where a material begins to deform plastically
The maximum stress a material can withstand before breaking
A material property where little to no plastic deformation occurs before fracture
A material's ability to be stretched into a wire without breaking
A material's ability to be hammered or rolled into thin sheets
Progressive weakening from repeated cyclic loading
Its ability to absorb energy before fracturing
Energy stored in a stretched or compressed elastic object
PE = ½kx²
The ratio of transverse strain to axial strain in a stretched material
Gradual deformation of a material under constant stress over time
A material's resistance to crack propagation
Elastic deformation is reversible; plastic deformation is permanent
Pascals (Pa) or N/m²