World Countries and Capitals
Test your knowledge of every country and its capital city with this comprehensive world countries and capitals flashcard deck. Knowing countries and capitals is the foundation of geographical literacy — it underpins your understanding of world events, international relations, trade, and culture. This deck covers all major countries across every continent, organized for efficient study. It includes commonly confused capitals, island nation capitals, and landlocked country capitals that frequently appear in geography competitions, GCSE, A-Level, and general knowledge quizzes. Based on United Nations member states and CIA World Factbook data.
All Cards in This Deck
Question
What is the capital of France?
Answer
Paris. Largest city in France. Located on the River Seine. Home to the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, and UNESCO headquarters.
Question
What is the capital of Germany?
Answer
Berlin. Largest city in Germany. Reunified as the capital in 1990 after German reunification. Home of the Brandenburg Gate.
Question
What is the capital of Italy?
Answer
Rome. Also known as the Eternal City. Capital of the ancient Roman Empire. Contains Vatican City — the world's smallest country.
Question
What is the capital of Spain?
Answer
Madrid. Located on the Manzanares River. Highest capital city in the European Union at 667 m above sea level.
Question
What is the capital of United Kingdom?
Answer
London. Located on the River Thames. One of the world's leading financial and cultural centres. Home of the Houses of Parliament and Buckingham Palace.
Question
What is the capital of Russia?
Answer
Moscow. Largest city in Russia and Europe. Located on the Moskva River. Home of the Kremlin and Red Square.
Question
What is the capital of China?
Answer
Beijing. Political capital of China. Home of the Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square. Located in northeastern China. (Note: Shanghai is larger but NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Japan?
Answer
Tokyo. World's most populous metropolitan area. Located on Honshu island on Tokyo Bay. Former name: Edo.
Question
What is the capital of India?
Answer
New Delhi. Part of Delhi, located in northern India on the Yamuna River. (Note: Mumbai is larger but NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Australia?
Answer
Canberra. Built specifically as the capital — a planned city chosen as a compromise between Sydney and Melbourne. Located in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT).
Question
What is the capital of USA?
Answer
Washington D.C. (District of Columbia). Named after President George Washington. Located between Virginia and Maryland. (Note: New York City is NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Canada?
Answer
Ottawa. Located in Ontario, on the Ottawa River. (Note: Toronto is larger but NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Brazil?
Answer
Brasília. A planned capital city built in the 1950s and inaugurated in 1960. (Note: Rio de Janeiro was the former capital; São Paulo is the largest city.)
Question
What is the capital of Argentina?
Answer
Buenos Aires. Located on the Río de la Plata. Largest city in Argentina and one of the largest in South America.
Question
What is the capital of Mexico?
Answer
Mexico City. One of the largest cities in the world by population. Built on the site of the ancient Aztec capital Tenochtitlan.
Question
What is the capital of Egypt?
Answer
Cairo. Largest city in Africa and the Arab world. Located on the Nile River, near the Pyramids of Giza.
Question
What is the capital of Nigeria?
Answer
Abuja. A planned city that replaced Lagos as capital in 1991. Located in central Nigeria. (Note: Lagos is larger but NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of South Africa?
Answer
Three capitals: Pretoria (executive/administrative), Cape Town (legislative), Bloemfontein (judicial). Pretoria is the most commonly cited capital.
Question
What is the capital of Kenya?
Answer
Nairobi. Largest city in East Africa. Named from a Maasai phrase meaning "cool waters." Major hub for international organisations in Africa.
Question
What is the capital of Saudi Arabia?
Answer
Riyadh. Largest city in Saudi Arabia. Located in the heart of the Arabian Peninsula. Major centre of government and finance.
Question
What is the capital of Turkey?
Answer
Ankara. (Note: Istanbul is the largest city and the historic capital, but Ankara has been the capital since 1923 when Turkey was founded.)
Question
What is the capital of Pakistan?
Answer
Islamabad. A planned capital built in the 1960s. (Note: Karachi is larger but NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Indonesia?
Answer
Jakarta. (Note: Indonesia is moving its capital to Nusantara in Borneo — under construction as of 2026.) Jakarta is the current capital.
Question
What is the capital of New Zealand?
Answer
Wellington. Located at the southern tip of the North Island. (Note: Auckland is larger but NOT the capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Netherlands?
Answer
Amsterdam. (Note: The seat of government is The Hague/Den Haag, but Amsterdam is the constitutional capital.)
Question
What is the capital of Switzerland?
Answer
Bern. (Note: Bern is the federal city/de facto capital. Geneva and Zurich are larger.)
Question
What is the capital of Sweden?
Answer
Stockholm. Located on 14 islands where Lake Mälaren meets the Baltic Sea. Known as the "Venice of the North."
Question
What is the capital of Norway?
Answer
Oslo. Located at the head of the Oslofjord. Formerly called Christiania.
Question
What is the capital of Greece?
Answer
Athens. One of the world's oldest cities. Birthplace of democracy, philosophy, and the Olympic Games.
Question
What is the capital of Ukraine?
Answer
Kyiv (also spelled Kiev). Located on the Dnieper River. One of the oldest cities in Eastern Europe.
Question
What is the capital of Iran?
Answer
Tehran. Largest city in Iran and western Asia. Located at the foot of the Alborz mountain range.
Question
What is the capital of Iraq?
Answer
Baghdad. Located on the Tigris River. Was the largest city in the world during the Islamic Golden Age (8th century).
Question
What is the capital of North Korea?
Answer
Pyongyang. Located on the Taedong River. One of the most isolated capital cities in the world.
Question
What is the capital of South Korea?
Answer
Seoul. One of the world's largest metropolitan areas. Located on the Han River in northwestern South Korea.
Question
What is the capital of Ethiopia?
Answer
Addis Ababa. Highest capital city in Africa (2,355 m). Headquarters of the African Union.