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Medical & Nursing Studies 30 flashcards ~15 min

Common Diseases and Pathophysiology

Understanding how diseases develop and affect the body is central to nursing and medical education. This deck reviews the pathophysiology behind common conditions such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke, along with respiratory illn...

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Understanding how diseases develop and affect the body is central to nursing and medical education. This deck reviews the pathophysiology behind common conditions such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke, along with respiratory illnesses like asthma and COPD. You'll also cover chronic conditions including kidney disease, cirrhosis, arthritis, and osteoporosis, as well as neurological and endocrine disorders like Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, and thyroid dysfunction. Each card offers a clear, concise definition suited for nursing school exams, NCLEX prep, or anyone building a foundational understanding of disease processes.

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The study of functional changes that occur due to disease.
Autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells.
Insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiency.
The buildup of plaque in arterial walls.
A heart attack.
Blocked blood flow to the heart muscle, usually from a clot.
Stroke, heart disease, and kidney disease.
A chronic condition causing airway inflammation and constriction.
A progressive lung disease causing airflow obstruction.
Chronic bronchitis and emphysema.
Inflammation of the lungs, usually due to infection.
A condition of insufficient healthy red blood cells to carry oxygen.
Iron deficiency.
Progressive loss of kidney function over time.
Scarring of the liver from long-term damage.
Inflammation of the liver, often caused by viral infection.
An autoimmune disease causing joint inflammation.
Degeneration of joint cartilage due to wear and aging.
A condition of weakened, brittle bones due to loss of bone density.
Sudden loss of brain function due to disrupted blood supply.
Ischemic and hemorrhagic.
A progressive nervous system disorder affecting movement.
A progressive neurodegenerative disease causing memory and cognitive decline.
Underactive thyroid gland producing insufficient hormone.
Overactive thyroid gland producing excess hormone.
A life-threatening systemic response to infection.
A blood clot forming in a deep vein, usually the leg.
A blockage in a lung artery, often from a dislodged clot.
A cluster of conditions including high blood pressure, blood sugar, and abdominal fat.
A condition where the immune system attacks the body's own tissues.